منابع مشابه
Claiming ownership in the technosciences: Patents, priority and productivity
Intellec tual property (IP) in and around the sciences is nowadays a matter of high public as well as historical interest. Here we propose an integrative concept of IP that, drawing upon insights scattered across decades of scholarship, forges from them a framew ork for a new style of historical research. This expanded concept of IP takes in patents, copyright and other legal instruments (or th...
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Income tax is one of the most important costs of companies and it is usually considered as a cost that should not be paid. One of the most noticeable and influential factors in tax avoidance is corporate ownership structure. With an emphasis on institutional ownership and its types in this paper, it is attempted to measure the effect of this ownership and its types on corporate tax avoidance. F...
متن کاملPatents or Patents Pending
An Aluminum Nitride (AlN) MEMS resonator technology has been developed, enabling massively parallel filter and oscillator arrays on a single chip. Low loss filter banks and resonator arrays covering the 10MHz10GHz frequency range have been demonstrated, as has monolithic integration with inductors and CMOS circuitry. The high level of integration enables miniature multi-band, spectrally-aware a...
متن کاملFood Security and Food Sovereignty
This discussion paper explores conceptualisations of food security produced by the World Trade Organisation and the Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations and examines a responsive policy framework food sovereignty – championed by the farming and peasant movement Via Campesina. Conflict over the use and appropriation of plant genetic resources is examined to highlight tensions...
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One of the most conspicuous features of the Rehnquist era has been the revival of the concept of enumerated powers as an important theme in constitutional jurisprudence. In the period from 1937 through 1995, the Court routinely concluded that the Commerce Clause granted the federal government power to regulate private activities which were traditionally relegated to local control. However, in U...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1998
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/32756